Unlike the western painting, the traditional Chinese painting has its distinctive characteristics. It does not emphasize one-point perspective and the change of light and colors on objects. It is free in describing the objects, and lay more emphasis on the painter's sentiment and the overall arrangement of the picture, so this is a good point that "the occidental painting is redivious art, but Chinese painting belongs to expressionist art".

 

By means of artistic expression, traditional Chinese painting can be divided into elaborate-style painting, liberal-style painting, and the elaborate-liberal-style painting. The elaborate-style painting is drawn and colored orderly and meticulously with the painting brush, it uses an extremely exquisite brushwork to describe the objects. Comparatively, the liberal-style painting employs free and concise stroke and ink to describe the appearance and spirit of the objects, and express the painter's sensation. it is highly synoptically,and its connotative artistic conception is not conveyed by the overall, but the partial. Drawing the liberal-style painting, the painter is required to put the painting brush to paper precisely, and his every stroke must be skillfully and with high proficiency to express the spirit of the picture. For the elaborate-liberal-style painting, it is an integrated application on the techniques both of the elaborate-style painting and of the liberal-style painting.

 

Chinese painting is characteristic in composition, stroke, ink, and color. It does not follow the golden section method that of western painting. It can express special artistic conception and personal sentiment of the painter though it lacks proportion in length and breadth regardless of drawing the long volume or the vertical scroll. At the same time, Chinese painting does not square with western painting in the use of perspective. Commonly, the latter adopts one-point perspective in composition. It is just something like taking a picture with a camera. The scene taken by the camera lens is limited by the room because of the camera is fixed in a point when taking the picture. However, Chinese painting is not always fixed in a point and is not limited by the fixed field of view either when a picture is drawn. Its point can be moved according to the painter's perception and needs. And the sceneries both in sight and out of sight are drawn by the painter. This perspective is called cavalier perspective or multiple-point perspective.

 

The skill of using strokes and ink is an important part of the formation of Chinese painting. Its strokes are stressed the varieties on thick and thin, swiftness and slowness, with syncopated cadence, turning and breaking, square and round to express the tactile sensation of the objects. In general, Chinese painting uses ink is subtle in the combination of shade and light as entirely shade or light is not good for conveying the spirit of the picture. Its shade part looks wonderful but not mechanical and the light part is delicately beautiful but not gloomy.

 

Chinese painting is particular in applying colors. Its colors most are from natural mineral materials and the animal shell. They can bear all kinds of weather and not fade, and they are often applied on the picture levelly. This way of applying colors pursues the original colors of the objects, the change of light and shadow is not often appears.

 

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